2020年河南省0~79岁健康人群A群和C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌抗体水平的调查研究

Neisseria meningitides group A and C antibody levels in 0-79 years old healthy population in Henan province, 2020

目的全面了解河南省健康人群对A群和C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Nm)的血清抗体水平,为流行性脑脊髓膜炎的防控提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究和多阶段分层抽样的方法,在河南省11个省辖市的17个乡镇社区选取5639名0~79岁健康人群进行调查。采用ELISA方法,检测其血清中A群和C群Nm的抗体水平,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果全部调查对象A群和C群Nm IgG抗体保护率(≥2μg/mL)分别为65.01%和43.84%(χ^(2)=508.77,P<0.01),IgG抗体几何平均浓度(GMC)分别为5.58、5.93μg/mL。不同年龄组别A群Nm抗体保护率在41.94%~80.08%之间(χ^(2)=342.15,P<0.01),7~14岁年龄组最高;C群在24.96%~52.52%之间(χ^(2)=216.81,P<0.01),5~6岁年龄组最高。15岁及以上人群不同职业A群Nm抗体保护率在57.78%~74.63%之间(χ^(2)=21.96,P<0.01),C群在40.24%~52.33%之间(χ^(2)=18.18,P<0.01)。有、无免疫史人群A群Nm抗体保护率分别为55.83%、44.74%(χ^(2)=4.58,P<0.05),C群分别为39.30%、27.19%(χ^(2)=6.69,P<0.01)。结论河南省0~79岁健康人群A群Nm抗体保护率高于C群;不同年龄组、不同职业以及是否具有免疫史对于A群和C群流脑的抗体保护率有较大影响。建议加强免疫规划工作管理的同时,探索婴幼儿、青少年和成人免疫预防措施,适时优化儿童脑膜炎球菌疫苗免疫策略。

Objective To understand the antibody level of Neisseria meningitides(Nm)in healthy population of Henan province,and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of meningococcal meningitis.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5639 healthy people aged 0-79 years in 17 township communities of 11 cities of Henan province.The antibody levels of group A and C were analyzed and evaluated.Results The protective rate of IgG to Nm serogroup A and C(≥2μg/mL)were 65.01%and 43.84%,respectively(χ^(2) =508.77,P<0.01).The geometric mean concentration of IgG antibody was5.58μg/mL and 5.93μg/mL,respectively.The protective rate of IgG to Nm serogroup A in different age groups ranged from41.94%to 80.08%(χ^(2)=342.15,P<0.01),with the highest protective rate in the 7 to 14-year-old age group.The protective rate of IgG to Nm serogroup C was between 24.96%and 52.52%(χ^(2) =216.81,P<0.01),with the highest protective rate in the 5 to 6-year-old age group.The protective rate of IgG to Nm serogroup A in different occupations ranged from 57.78%to 74.63%(χ^(2)=21.96,P<0.01),the protective rate of IgG to Nm serogroup C was between 40.24%and 52.33%(χ^(2)=18.18,P<0.01).The protective rate of IgG to Nm serogroup A with and without immune history was 55.83%and 44.74%,respectively(χ^(2)=4.58,P<0.05).The protective rate of IgG to Nm serogroup C with and without immune history was 39.30%and 27.19%,respectively(χ^(2)=6.69,P<0.01).Conclusion The protective rate of Nm antibody of healthy people aged 0-79 years in group A is higher than that in group C in Henan province.Different age groups,different occupations and whether they have immunization history have great influence on the antibody protective rates.It is suggested to strengthen the management of immunization program,explore the immunization prevention measures for infants,adolescents and adults,and optimize the immunization strategy of meningococcal vaccine in children.