新型冠状病毒谱系分类及基因组核酸变异

Classification lineage and genomic nucleic acid variation of 2019-nCoV

新型冠状病毒(简称新冠病毒,2019-nCoV)引起的疫情在全世界流行,引起全球近1亿人感染。随着新冠病毒在人间的不断传播,其基因组不断发生变异,不断产生新的谱系。本文根据已经发表的文献,系统综述了新冠病毒的Pangolin谱系分类方法;介绍了GISAID数据库中收录的新冠病毒基因组分布特征。通过分析GISAID数据库发现,突变株D614G已经在全球广泛流行,到2020年12月底,98%以上的序列都含有D614G突变。在N501Y突变株基础之上进化出来的英国突变株和南非突变株,目前还主要在英国和南非流行,虽然不断有其它国家报道发现了两个突变株,但是还没有在英国和南非之外的区域形成主要流行株。

2019-nCoV causes an epidemic in the world,causing nearly 100 million people worldwide infection.With the continuous spread of 2019-nCoV in the whole world,its genome had mutated constantly and created new lineages.Based on the published literature,this paper systematically reviewed the Pangolin lineage classification of 2019-nCoV.The distribution characteristics of novel coronavirus genome in GISAID database were described.The analysis of the GISAID database showed that the mutant strain of D614G has been widely prevalent in the whole worldwide,and by the end of December 2020,more than 98%of the 2019-nCoV genome sequences contained the D614G mutation.The British and South African 2019-nCoV mutants,which evolved from the N501Y mutants,are currently mainly prevalent in the United Kingdom and South Africa.Although two mutants were reported in other countries continuously,they didn’t become the major epidemic strains outside the United Kingdom and South Africa.