特殊环境驻训医护人员自我效能、社会支持、心理弹性对积极应对方式作用的路径分析

Path Analysis of Self-efficacy, Social Support and Resilience on Positive Coping Style of Medical Personnel in Special Environment

目的探讨特殊环境下驻训医护人员自我效能感、社会支持及心理弹性对应对方式的作用路径,旨在提升野外驻训医护人员心理卫生水平。方法采取横断面研究的方法,应用一般资料调查表、自我效能感、社会支持、心理弹性量表及应对方式量表中的积极应对分量表,于2021-07~08月对某训练基地驻训的222名医护人展开调查。结果(1)驻训医护人员积极应对处于中上等水平(24.63±5.81),且不同性别、婚姻状况、身份类别医护人员的应对方式得分差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);(2)多元回归分析结果显示,除婚姻状况外,自我效能、心理弹性的力量性维度、社会支持的家庭支持维度对积极应对有正向预测作用;(3)路径分析显示,特殊环境下驻训医护人员各变量对积极应对方式作用的总效应从大到小为自我效能(0.471)、心理弹性(0.410)、社会支持(0.221)。结论驻训医护人员积极应对的水平尚可,对于存在消极应对的少数个体,可通过提高自我效能、社会支持和心理弹性,从而促进产生积极的应对方式。

Objective To explore the effect of self-efficacy,social support and resilience on coping style of medical personnel in special environment,aiming to promote mental health for field training medical personnel.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among 222 medical personnel who participated in field training from July to August 2021.The subjects were investigated by the general information questionnaire,self-efficacy,social support,psychological resilience scale and positive coping subscale of coping style scale.Results(1)The medical personnel in special environment positive response was at the medium and high level(24.63±5.81),and the differences in the coping style scores of medical personnel of different sex,marital status and status category(all P<0.05).(2)The results of multiple regression analysis showed that,in addition to marital status,the self-efficacy,strength dimension of psychological resilience,and family support dimension of social support had positive predictive effects on positive coping.(3)Path analysis showed that the total effects of variables on positive coping style were self-efficacy(0.471),resilience(0.410)and social support(0.221)in sequence.Conclusion The level of positive coping of resident medical personnel is fair.For the minority of individuals with negative coping,self-efficacy,social support and psychological resilience can be improved to promote the emergence of positive coping styles.