注意缺陷与多动行为表现对急性军事训练伤的影响

Impacts of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Behavior on Acute Military Training Injury

目的探讨注意缺陷(attention deficit,AD)与多动(hyperactivity,HA)行为表现对急性军事训练伤的影响。方法以作者医院收治的急性军事训练伤患者为研究组(n=56),以健康陪护人员为对照组(n=56)。通过自行设计条目调查研究对象社会人口学资料及一般情况,开放式提问调查导致训练伤的可能因素。采用成人注意缺陷多动障碍自评量表(adult attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder self-rating scale,ASRS)、Barratt冲动行为量表(Barratt impulsivity scale,BIS)、特质焦虑问卷(trait anxiety inventory,TAI)、人格障碍诊断问卷(personality diagnostic questionnaire,PDQ)分别评估两组AD、HA、冲动、特质焦虑、人格特质等方面的心理和行为特征。结果两组对象在年龄、军龄、受教育年限等方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。导致训练伤的前五位因素分别为训练强度大、组织训练不科学、放松训练不够、训练中疏忽大意或注意力不集中、准备活动不充分。两组对象体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)及AD评分存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而BIS评分、HA得分及ASRS总分、TAI总分、PDQ总分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。BIS评分与AD得分、HA得分、ASRS总分、TAI总分、PDQ总分之间均存在显著正相关(r_s=0.300~0.530,P<0.01)。结论个体AD及BMI可能是急性军事训练伤的危险因素,对军人AD的心理特征予以评价并提出合理的干预策略,对减少急性军事训练伤可能有潜在价值。

Objective To explore the effects of attention deficit(AD)and hyperactivity(HA)behavior on acute military training injury.Methods The patients with acute military training injuries admitted to the authors'hospital were set as the study group(n=56),and the healthy escorts as the control group(n=56).The social demographic data and general information of the subjects were surveyed by self-designed items,and the possible factors leading to training injuries were conducted by open-ended questionnaires.The AD,HA,impulse,trait anxiety and personality traits of the two groups were evaluated by the adult attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder self-rating scale(ASRS),Barratt impulsivity scale(BIS),trait anxiety inventory(TAI)and personality diagnostic questionnaire(PDQ).Results There were no significant differences in age,military age and education years between two groups(P>0.05).The high training intensity,unscientific organizational training,inadequate relaxation procedure,negligence or inattention in training,inadequate warm-up activities were the top five factors which leaded to training injury.There were significant differences in BMI and AD score between the two groups(P<0.05),but the BIS score,HA score,ASRS total score,TAI total score and PDQ total score were not significant differences(P>0.05).BIS score was positively correlated with AD score,HA score,ASRS total score,TAI total score and PDQ total score(rs=0.300~0.530,P<0.01).Conclusion Individuals with AD and higher BMI may be prone to develop acute military training injury.There will be positive meaning to assess psychological characteristics of AD of the soldiers and put forward reasonable intervention strategies for reducing acute military training injury.