陕西省养老护理员生活质量现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Life Quality of Elderly Care Workers in Shaanxi Province and Its Influencing Factors

目的了解陕西省养老护理员生活质量现状及其影响因素,为进一步提升其生活质量、稳定养老护理队伍提供理论参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样选取34家养老机构1021名陕西省养老护理员,采用一般资料、简明健康状况量表(36-item short form health survey,SF-36)、抑郁自评量表(self rating depression scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(self rating anxiety scale,SAS)实施问卷调查。结果①陕西省养老护理员SF-36评分为(68.21±8.76)分,8个维度得分均低于常模(P<0.01或0.05),SAS、SDS得分均高于常模(P<0.01或0.05);②生活质量与焦虑、抑郁均呈负相关(P<0.01);③多元线性回归分析结果显示:抑郁、保险类型、婚姻状况、焦虑、照顾老人数量、受教育程度、用工性质、来源地和每天工作时间是影响生活质量的重要因素(P均<0.01)。结论同常模比较,陕西省养老护理员生活质量较低,焦虑、抑郁状况较严重;影响养老护理员生活质量的主要因素为抑郁、保险类型、婚姻状况、焦虑、照顾老人数量、受教育程度、用工性质、来源地和每天工作时间,应采取积极有效措施提高养老护理员的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the quality of life and influencing factors of elderly care workers in Shaanxi province,and provide scientific basis for improving quality of life and stabilizing the elderly care team.Methods By stratified cluster random sampling,1021 elderly care workers form 34 pension institutions were selected and measured by general information,36-item short form health survey(SF-36),self rating depression scale(SDS)and self rating anxiety scale(SAS).Results①The SF-36 score of elderly care workers in Shaanxi province was(68.21±8.76)points.Scores of 8 dimensions were lower than the norms(P<0.01 or 0.05),scores of anxiety and depression were higher than the norms(P<0.01 or 0.05).②Quality of life was negatively correlated with anxiety and depression(P<0.01).③The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that depression,insurance type,marital status,anxiety,number of care,education level,nature of employment,native place and daily working hours were important factors affecting quality of life(all P<0.01).Conclusion The quality of life,anxiety and depression of elderly care workers in Shaanxi province are worse than the norms.It is influenced by depression,insurance type,marital status,anxiety,number of care,education level,nature of employment,native place and daily working hours.And active and effective measures should be taken to improve the life quality of elderly care workers.