最低刑事责任年龄之辨析

The Discrimination of the Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility

未成年人恶性犯罪案件频频发生,社会各界都热切关注。在2019年召开的两会上,降低未成年人刑事责任年龄的建议再次被提出。降低说认为由此可解决未成年人犯罪问题,但提高说与维持说却持否定观点。我国对刑事责任年龄的规定经过了时间的检验,并且目前我国未成年人犯罪真实态势并不明确。一方面刑事责任年龄作为法律推定必然存在高低,另一方面降低刑事责任年龄并不能有效解决问题,因此现在不宜降低刑事责任年龄。未成年人犯罪问题的关键在于没有针对未达刑事责任年龄未成年人的处遇方法。建立亲职教育制度、分级保安处分制度及长期追踪机制和保护观察制度可以对这部分未成年人进行有效的教育纠正。

The juvenile malign crime cases happen frequently,the whole society pays close attention to this earnestly.The proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility for minors was put forward again at the The National People’s Congress and the Chinese people’s political consultative conference in 2019.The theory of being lower thinks that it can solve the problem of juvenile delinquency,but the theory of being higher and the theory of maintenance hold a negative view.The age of criminal responsibility in China has passed the test of time.On the one hand,the age of criminal responsibility as a legal presumption is bound to be higher or lower;on the other hand,reducing the age of criminal responsibility can not effectively solve the problem,so it is not appropriate to reduce the age of criminal responsibility.The key to the problem of juvenile delinquency is that there is no way to deal with offenders who have not reached the age of criminal responsibility.The establishment of parental education system,hierarchical security punishment system,long-term tracking mechanism and protection observation system can effectively educate and correct these offenders.