时间感知视角下的跨期决策与研究范式

Intertemporal Decision Making and Its Paradigms from the Perspective of Time Perception

跨期决策是对近期的小奖励和远期的大奖励之间进行权衡并做出选择的过程。已有研究通过设置不同长度的延迟时间来探讨时间维度对个体跨期决策的影响,但是个体主观感知到的时间长短对跨期决策的影响更大。从时间洞察力、未来自我连续性、未来结果考虑、个体时间观等角度探讨个体主观时间感知对跨期决策的影响,在理论和实践层面均有借鉴价值。在理论层面,上述研究所使用的研究范式对之后有关时间感知是如何影响跨期决策的研究具有参考价值;在实践层面,个体也可以通过改变时间感知使个体做出有远见的决策。

Intertemporal decision making involves the trade-off between smaller&sooner rewards(particularly immediate rewards)and larger&later rewards.Previous studies indicated how time dimension can affect intertemporal decision making by setting different delay times,but the subjective perceived time length has a greater impact on inter-temporal decision making.Therefore,some studies have explored how subjective time perception can affect intertemporal decision making from the time perspectives,future self-continuity,consideration of future consequences and time view.Theoretically,the paradigms used in these studies are of reference value for the subsequent studies about the relationship between time perception and intertemporal decision making.In practice,individuals can also be encouraged to make visionary decisions by changing time perception.