唐宋汴水诗词探论

Discussion of Tang-Song Bian River Poems

汴水是唐宋时期沟通南北的水上交通要道。唐宋文人在仕宦奔竞、南来北往途中,往往因汴水起兴,抒写咏史怀古之思、表达治国理政之争、叙写酬赠送别之事、抒发羁旅行役之叹等,涌现出大量与汴水有关的诗词,并产生主题流变。在咏史怀古主题诗词中,对隋炀帝凿汴评判的态度由贬至褒,内容从评判隋帝凿汴转变为追思北宋兴亡,具有全面、客观、与时代同步的现实积极意义。汴水因与京城关联密切,在北宋诗词中产生具有时代特征的思京恋阙主题。汴水在南宋断流后升华为文学意象,在诗词中源远流长。

Bian River was a major waterway connecting the north and the south in the Tang-Song dynasty.Many literatus from Tang-Song dynasty had been inspired by Bian River on their journeys of approaching careers across the country,describing their thought of chanting and reminiscing the past,expressing their struggle for governance,narrating rewards,gift,and parting,expressing the longing for home during the journey,many poems about Bian River appeared and theme changed.In poems of chanting and reminiscing the past theme,the judging attitude of digging Bian River by Emperor Yang in Sui Dynasty River was from derogatory to commendatory,the content changed from judging Sui emperor’s digging Bian River to thinking about the rise and fall of Northern Song Dynasty,which has a comprehensive,objective and realistic positive significance of keeping pace with the times.Because of the close relationship between Bian River and the capital,a new theme appeared in the Song dynasty,which means reveal ambition of desiring scholarly honor and official rank from the capital.Bian River was disappeared after the Southern Song Dynasty,but it sublimated into literary image and still alive in poems.