从出土唐代墓志看唐人的史学修养及其著史活动

Study on the Tang Scholars’ History Cultivation and Writing from Unearthed Epitaphs

出土唐人墓志中蕴含着丰富的唐代史学信息,程度不同地涉及了唐人的史学修养、国史与私史的编修、家庭史学教育、唐代史家史著的早期流传等,从一个侧面反映了唐代史学的历史语境与文化风尚。唐人墓志有不少志主生前嗜好史学、研习经史,反映出唐代士大夫普遍具有较高的史学修养。墓志中若干志主生前曾经参与编修国史或独撰史著的记录,与国史文献多可相互印证,为唐代史学史增添了新的珍贵史料,值得进一步梳理。唐人墓志中有不少文献失载的史著信息,包括一些重要史家的著述佚文,有助于推动唐代史学史上一些传统疑案的解决。

The unearthed epitaphs,with rich history information of Tang dynasty,deal with many aspects of Tang scholars to various extent,including their history cultivation,compilation of state and private history,home history education and the early spread of historical works.They have partly revealed the historical context and cultural practice of historical study in Tang dynasty.First,the fact that many owners of the Tang epitaphs,during their lifetime,were avid scholars of history and classics illustrates Tang literati’s general refined history education;second,according to the epitaphs,many masters then engaged in editing the state history,or created history works independently,so they can serve as literature to go with Chinese history works for reference.Being a precious addition to the study of Tang history,they deserve further collection.Third,a large amount of historical information missing in traditional literature can be discovered in Tang epitaphs,including some writings from distinguished historians to contribute to the solution to some difficult cases in Tang history.