艾丽丝·门罗作品的主体之思——以短篇小说《忘情》为例

The “Subject” in Alice Munro’s Works-Taking Carried Away as an Example

艾丽丝·门罗的短篇小说《忘情》借助书信写作和梦中呓语等手法,以时空倒错的跳跃性叙事,展示出图书管理员路易莎相对完整的生命体验,蕴含着作者对人物主体性与身份建构、两性关系、社会责任等问题的深刻思考。从精神分析视角来看,路易莎通过书信写作实现了在"想象界"与镜像的认同,通过自我言说满足了主体欲望,对自我有了重新认识。两次世界大战和经济大萧条虽然只是故事发生的背景,却影响了人物的自我认知、行为方式以及对周围世界的看法,使得路易莎在对镜像与他者的认同中实现了主体的身份建构,摆脱了"局外人"身份,成为一名坚忍不拔、自强自立的女性。

Alice Munro’s short story Carried Away is noted for the heroine Louisa’s letter writing and dreamlike monologue,depicting the life experience of the librarian in a non-linear narrative of spatial dislocation and temporal anachronism.Underneath the surface lies the writer’s deep concern for such issues as subjectivity,identity construction,male-female relationship and social responsibility.Seen from a psychoanalytic perspective,Louisa’s letter writing is a way to achieve identification with the mirror image in the order of"the Imaginary",and her speech a means to satisfy her desire and recognize her self-value.Events like the two world wars and the Great Depression also influenced the heroine’s self-knowledge,behavior and attitude towards her surroundings.Through the identification with the mirror image and the Other,Louisa successfully changed her"outsider"identity and constructed her perseverant and independent self-image.