莎士比亚历史剧与电影改编——以《理查二世》和《理查三世》为例

Shakespeare’s Historical Plays and the Filmic Adaptation——A Case Study of Richard Ⅱ and Richard Ⅲ

长期以来,莎士比亚的戏剧深受导演青睐,被改编成各种形式走向观众,其中以电影居多。2012年和2016年,英国广播公司以《空王冠》为名选择其中八部改编为电影,进一步让莎士比亚历史剧深入人心。本文将以《理查二世》和《理查三世》为例,从莎士比亚历史剧对历史事实的取舍重组以及影片对莎士比亚历史剧的改编入手,从剧本和历史的互文性、电影和剧本的复调性两方面分析比较戏剧和电影两种不同的艺术表现形式,试图进一步揭示莎士比亚历史剧的不朽魅力和电影大获成功的秘密所在。

Many great plays of Shakespeare are favored and adapted by a large group of directors.In 2012 and 2016,the British Broadcasting Company adapted eight historical plays of Shakespeare and named them as The Hollow Crown.Taking RichardⅡand RichardⅢas examples,this paper compares the difference between the plays and the films,analyzes the intertextuality of history,explores the polyphonyness of the films,and reveals the enduring fascination of the historical plays and the magic of the adapted films.