秘鲁古代文明莫切文化马镫口陶瓶初探

Research on the Pottery Bottle with Stirrup-shaped Mouth in Moche Culture of Ancient Peru Civilization

莫切文化是秘鲁古代文明区域文化发展阶段最重要的地域文化。莫切陶器是莫切物质文明中的明珠,其中又以马镫口陶瓶最具特色。马镫口陶瓶造型奇特,数量庞大,式样丰富,表现力强,给研究没有文字记载的莫切文化留下了珍贵的实物资料。本文探讨了莫切马镫口陶瓶的特点与制作、器形渊源和器物功用,阐述了器身造型反映出的莫切人容貌、装扮、观念、信仰、祭祀、劳作、战争、乐器和两性生活等莫切文化的诸方面。

Moche culture is the most important culture in the regional cultural development stage of Ancient Peru civilization.Moche potteries are like a dazzling pearl in the Moche material civilization,among which the pottery bottle with stirrup-shaped mouth is the most distinctive.The shape of the bottle is peculiar,their quantity is huge,the style is rich,and the expression is strong.Thus,the bottles are the precious materials for the study of Moche culture that didn’t invent the words.This paper discusses the characteristics and making of the bottle,the origin of its shape and its functions.The paper also expounds the aspects of Moche culture,such as its people’s appearance,dress-up,belief,sacrifice,labor,war,musical instruments and sexual life,which are reflected by the shape of the bottle.