江汉地区旧石器时代的文化与社会(下)

Paleolithic Culture and Society in the Jianghan Region(Part Ⅱ)

江汉地区发现了中国境内迄今所知最早的古人类化石,发现了大体构成距今约200万~1.5万年发展链条的古人类化石及文化遗址,表明其地在旧石器时代是中国乃至世界人类形成进化和文化发生发展的重要区域。其地石器基本属于南方砾石工业系统,但北部石器因直接受到北方片石工业传统影响而明显体现以南融北的文化风貌。旧石器时代早、中期遗址出土的大量石制品和手斧、手镐、薄刃斧等石器,显示出其地其时原始文化的发达。文化遗存反映出,历经约200万年的血缘家族社会,其地在旧石器时代中期进入母系氏族社会。原始文化一脉相承的发展,当与其地其时直立人→智人→现代人的连续进化相应。旧石器时代原始文化的发达,乃为其地新石器时代原始文化的繁荣奠定基础。

The discovery of the earliest known ancient human fossils in China in the Jianghan Region and the discovery of the ancient human fossils and cultural sites that roughly form the development chain from 2 million to 15,000 years ago indicate that the area in the Paleolithic period was an important region of human origin and evolution and cultural emergence and development in China or even in the world.Its stone tools basically belong to the south gravel industry system,but the northern stone tools are directly affected by the northern schist industry tradition,which reflect the cultural landscape of the north based on the south.A large number of stone products and stone tools such as hand axe,hand pick and thin blade axe unearthed from the early and middle Paleolithic sites show that primitive culture in the area was well developed at the time.The cultural remains reflect that,after about 2 million years of blood family society,it entered the matriarchal clan society in the middle of the Paleolithic age.The development of primitive culture is related to the continuous evolution of homo erectus,homo sapiens and the modern people.The developed Paleolithic primitive culture laid the foundation for the prosperity of Paleolithic primitive culture of the region.