“大传统”与“小传统”视野下的民间工艺美术——对“桃源工”木雕的文化人类学分析

Folk Arts and Crafts in the Perspectives of “Major Tradition” and “Minor Tradition”——A Cultural Anthropological Analysis of “Handicrafts of Taoyuan” Woodcarving

近年来,以木雕为代表的"桃源工"备受瞩目,在收藏界形成"桃源工"现象,学术界亦开始较多关注。"桃源工"具有地域标签,是深入研究与解读地域文化的窗口。基于文化人类学的研究理论与方法,从"主位"与"客位"角度分析桃源木雕的历史发展与技艺传承,从"大传统"与"小传统"出发探讨其品类、题材、工艺、审美等传统美术特征,并总结桃源木雕艺术风格与区域人群性格之间千丝万缕的联系,具有"透物见人"、促进理解地域文化与地方性知识的现实意义。

In recent years,"handicrafts of Taoyuan"as represented by woodcarving works have drawn great attention and resulted in the"Taoyuan Phenomenon".The academic world has also paid much attention to it."Handicrafts of Taoyuan",with their regional label,form a window for people to deeply study and interpret regional culture.This paper,based on the research theories and methods of cultural anthropology,analyzes the development of Taoyuan woodcarving art and its technical continuity from the"emic"and"etic"points of view,explores such traditional fine art characteristics as category,theme,technology and aesthetics from the perspectives of"major tradition"and"minor tradition",and summarizes the countless connections between the artistic style of Taoyuan woodcarving and the personality of the people in the region.The paper"presents people through objects",possesses the realistic significance of promoting the understanding of regional culture and localized knowledge.