峡江地区借室埋葬的考古学现象探析

Analysis of the Archaeological Phenomenon of Burial in Previous Tombs in the Three Gorges Region

在三峡地区南朝到明清时期的砖室和石室墓葬中,发现一种借室埋葬现象,尤其在唐宋时期,数量占有一定的比重。有两种表现形式:一种是完全利用,即借室年代所葬的人没有单独建造墓葬,直接埋入早期墓葬之中;另一种是不完全利用,即借室年代所葬的人利用早期墓葬的一部分结构作为自己的墓葬。借室墓的产生并出现在峡江地区沿江两岸,是当时盛行的相墓术结合峡江地区特殊的地理位置和文化背景而发展出来的一种葬俗。

The phenomenon of burying the deceased in previous tombs is found in brick and stone tombs from the Southern Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the Three Gorges region.A large proportion of such burial practice is found in Tang and Song tombs.There are two forms of this practice.One is full utilization,namely no new tomb is constructed and the deceased is directly buried in an existing tomb of an earlier age.The other is partial utilization,namely using only part of an existing tomb structure of an earlier age.The emergence of this practice along the Three Gorges is the result of a burial custom arising from the combination of the prevalent burial concept of tomb geomancy and the unique geological location and cultural background of the region.