IOE与IOG对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者营养状况、吞咽功能及肺部感染发生率的影响

目的:探讨IOE与IOG对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者营养状况、吞咽功能及肺部感染发生率的影响。方法将2021年1月~2021年12月间于我院就诊的100例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者按随机数字表法分为3组:IOE组(33例)、IOG组(33例)和对照组(34例)。对照组:给予持续性经鼻至胃管饲治疗;IOE组:给予间歇经口至食管管饲法;IOG组:给予间歇经口至胃管饲法。比较三组患者营养状况、吞咽功能及肺部感染发生率。结果干预后,3组的TP、HB、ALB含量均显著升高(P<0.05),但IOE组和IOG组升高更显著,其TP、HB、ALB含量均高于对照组(P<0.05);IOE组与IOG组的TP、HB、ALB含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。干预后,3组患者的吞咽功能分级与干预前组内比较(P<0.05);干预后,IOE组及IOG组的吞咽功能分级与对照组比较(P<0.05)。对照组肺部感染发生率为20.59%,IOE组与IOG组肺部感染发生率分别为6.06%和12.12%,均低于对照组,但IOE组的肺部感染发生率低于IOG组(P<0.05)。结论间歇经口至食管管饲和间歇经口至胃管饲可以显著改善脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的营养状况和吞咽功能,降低肺部感染发生率,其中间歇经口至食管管饲的肺部感染发生率更低。

Objective To investigate the effects of IOE and IOG on nutritional status,swallowing function and incidence of pulmonary infection in patients with dysphagia after stroke.Methods 100 patients with post-stroke dysphagia who were treated in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were divided into 3 groups according to random number table method:IOE group(33 cases),IOG group(33 cases)and control group group(34 cases).Control group:received continuous nasal-to-gastric tube feeding;IOE group:received intermittent oral-to-esophageal tube feeding;IOG group:received intermittent oral-to-gastric tube feeding.The nutritional status,swallowing function and incidence of pulmonary infection were compared among the three groups.Results After the intervention,the contents of TP,HB and ALB in the three groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),but the increase was more significant in the IOE group and the IOG group,and the contents of TP,HB and ALB were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the contents of TP,HB and ALB between the IOE group and the IOG group(P>0.05).After the intervention,the levels of swallowing function of the three groups were compared with those before the intervention(P<0.05);after the intervention,the levels of swallowing function of the IOE group and the IOG group were compared with those of the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of pulmonary infection in the control group was 20.59%,and the incidence of pulmonary infection in the IOE group and IOG group were 6.06%and 12.12%,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group,but the incidence of pulmonary infection in the IOE group was lower than that in the IOG group(P<0.05).Conclusion Intermittent oral-to-esophageal tube feeding and intermittent oral-to-gastric tube feeding can significantly improve the nutritional status and swallowing function of patients with dysphagia after stroke,and reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection.Infection rates are lower.