ICU护士留职意愿现状调查及影响因素分析

Survey on the status of ICU nurses’ intention to stay and analysis of its influencing factors

目的调查ICU护士留职意愿现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样法对常州地区5所三级甲等医院的ICU护士进行网络问卷调查,内容包括一般资料调查表、护士留职意愿量表、一般自我效能感量表、护士工作嵌入量表。结果参与调查的311名护士留职意愿得分为(16.88±3.59)分;单因素方差分析显示,年龄、职称、工作职务、学历、ICU工作年限、夜班间隔时间、月收入、聘用方式、婚姻状况、子女情况不同的ICU护士留职意愿得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,自我效能、工作嵌入与留职意愿之间存在显著的正相关(P<0.001);多元线性回归分析结果显示,ICU工作年限、夜班间隔时间、自我效能、组织匹配、社区匹配、组织牺牲、组织联结是ICU护士留职意愿的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论ICU护士的留职意愿处于中等水平,其留职意愿受多种因素综合影响。护理管理者除了从护士人口学变量的影响因素出发,还可通过提升护士的自我效能和工作嵌入水平,改进管理策略,提高其留职意愿,确保ICU护理队伍的稳定。

Objective To investigate the status of ICU nurses’intention to stay and analyze the influencing factors.Methods A network questionnaire was conducted among ICU nurses in a tertiary general hospital in Changzhou by cluster sampling.The questionnaire consisted of general information,nurses’intention to stay scale,nurses’self-efficacy scale and nurses’work embedding scale.Results The score of intention to stay scale among 311 ICU nurses was(16.88±3.59).One-way ANOVA results showed that there were significant differences in the scores among nurses with different age,professional title,position,educational background,working years,night shift,monthly income,employment style,marriage and children(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the selfefficacy,the work embeddedness and the intention to stay were significant positively correlated(P<0.001).The multiple regression analysis indicated that the main factors that influence the intention to stay included ICU working years,night shift interval,self-efficacy and work embeddedness(P<0.05).Conclusion ICU nurses’intention to stay scale was in the middle level,the intention to stay was affected by multiple factors.Except the factors of demographic variables,nursing managers should pay attention to the self-efficacy and work embeddedness to improve management,and then improve their intention to stay and the stability of ICU nursing team.