以护士为主导的营养支持团队在神经外科重症患者中的实践

The practice of nurse-led nutrition support team in neurosurgical critical patients

目的探讨以护士为主导的营养支持团队在神经外科重症患者中的实践效果。方法选取2018年11月—2019年10月厦门市某三级甲等医院神经外科ICU需要营养治疗的100例重症患者为研究对象,按照入院时间分为试验组和对照组各50例。试验组采取以护士为主导的营养支持团队进行营养管理,对照组采取传统模式进行营养管理。比较两组营养风险筛查(Nutrition Risk Screening 2002,NRS2002)的正确率、实施早期肠内营养的患者比例、肠内营养并发症发生情况,以及实施营养治疗第7天、第14天营养代谢指标和人体体格指标。结果试验组NRS2002正确率、实施早期肠内营养的患者比例高于对照组,肠内营养并发症发生率低于对照组,营养代谢指标和人体体格指标改善情况优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以护士为主导的营养支持团队有助于更准确地筛查有营养风险的患者,更有效地实施早期肠内营养,提高患者肠内营养的耐受性,减少并发症,改善营养状况。

Objective To explore the effect of nurse-led nutrition support team in neurosurgical critical patients.Methods We selected 100 critical patients in neurosurgery ICU of a tertiary general hospital from November 2018 to October 2019 who needed nutritional treatment as the research objects.According to the admission time,they were divided into the experimental group and the control group with 50 patients in each group.The experimental group was provided with a nurse-led nutrition support team for nutrition management,while the control group was provided with the traditional model for nutrition management.The correct rate of Nutrition Risk Screening 2002(NRS2002),the proportion of patients receiving early enteral nutrition,the complications of enteral nutrition,and the nutritional metabolic indexes and physical indexes on the 7 th and 14 th day after the implementation of nutrition treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The correct rate of NRS2002,the proportion of patients with early enteral nutrition in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,the complications of enteral nutrition in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,and the improvement of nutrition metabolic index and physical index in the experimental group were better than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The nurse-led nutrition support team helps to screen the nutritional risk of patients more accurately,implement early enteral nutrition more effectively,improve patients’enteral nutrition tolerance,reduce complications and improve nutritional status.