急诊科护士职业紧张感与隐性缺勤的相关性研究

The relationship between occupational stress and presenteeismin among emergency nurses

目的调查急诊科护士职业紧张感与隐性缺勤的现状,并分析两者之间的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,选取郑州市三级甲等综合医院的125名急诊科护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、护士职业紧张感问卷、斯坦福隐性缺勤量表进行调查,分析急诊科护士职业紧张感、隐性缺勤现状及相关性。结果急诊科护士职业紧张感的发生率为84.0%,工作要求与自主程度比值为(1.17±0.21),付出—回报失衡发生率为72.8%,付出—回报比值为(1.07±0.19),隐性缺勤发生率为58.4%,隐性缺勤得分为(15.66±4.33)分。隐性缺勤与职业紧张感之间存在一定的相关性,其中隐性缺勤与工作要求(r=0.340,P=0.012)、外在付出(r=0.482,P=0.003)、内在投入(r=0.211,P=0.018)呈正相关,与自主程度(r=-0.286,P=0.015)、社会支持(r=-0.361,P=0.011)、回报(r=-0.465,P=0.003)呈负相关。结论急诊科护士职业紧张感及隐性缺勤发生率较高,两者之间存在一定的相关性,即随着护士的职业紧张感增加,隐性缺勤的发生率也会升高。护理管理者应采取相应的措施,降低护士职业紧张感及隐性缺勤的发生。

Objective To investigate the status of occupational stress and presenteeismin among emergency nurses,then analyze their correlation.Methods Totally 125 emergency nurses were selected in tertiary class-A general hospitals in Zhengzhou city by convenience sampling method.The general information questionnaire,Job Content Questionnaire,Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire and the Stanford Presenteeism Scale were used to investigate the status of the occupational stress and presenteeism among the nurses from emergency department and analyze their correlation.Results The incidence rate of occupational stress among the emergency nurses was 84.0%and the ratio of job demands to control was(1.17±0.21).The rate of effort-reward imbalance was 72.8%and the effort-reward ratio was(1.07±0.19).The rate of high presenteeism was 58.4%and the average score of presenteeism was(15.66±4.33).There was a certain correlation between occupational stress and presenteeismin.There were positive correlations between presenteeism and job demands(r=0.340,P=0.012),extrinsic effort(r=0.482,P=0.003),overcommitment(r=0.211,P=0.018).There were negative correlations between presenteeism and job control(r=-0.286,P=0.015),social support(r=-0.361,P=0.011)and reward(r=-0.465,P=0.003).Conclusion The incidence of occupational stress and presenteeismin are high among emergency nurses,and there is a certain correlation between them.The presenteeismin will increase with the increase of occupational stress.The managers should take measures to reduce the occurrence of occupational stress and presenteeism.