近三十年罗马尼亚高等教育治理模式研究

Higher Education Governance Model of Romania in the Past Thirty Years

作为后东欧社会主义的主要国家之一,罗马尼亚高等教育在近三十年经历了从市场化模式向混合模式的发展轨迹。1989年以后,罗马尼亚受英美启发,高等教育模式具有早期和强烈的市场化同质性取向,但在经历了一段曲折发展,尤其受欧洲一体化、经济全球化以及罗马尼亚本身在国际大学中的排名较差等影响,罗马尼亚的高等教育朝着一个新的混合治理模式发展。新的治理模式旨在重新定义大学的研究使命,促进本土研究和创新。这些新的混合模式使罗马尼亚既能应对要求变革的全球压力,摆脱对西方的经济依赖,又不会完全抛弃历史制度。

As one of the main countries of post-Eastern Europe Socialism, Romania’s higher education has experienced a trajectory from a market-oriented model to a mixed model in the past three decades. After 1989, Romania was inspired by Britain and the United States, its higher education model has an early and strong marketization homogeneity. However, after a period of tortuous development, especially affected by European integration, economic globalization and Romania’s poor ranking in international universities, Romania’s higher education has developed towards a new mixed governance model, which aims to redefine the research mission of universities and promote local research and innovation. These new hybrid models allow Romania to simultaneously cope with global pressures for change and shake off its economic dependence on the West without completely abandoning the historical system.