输卵管胚胎运输的调控机制研究进展

Research progress of regulatory mechanism in oviductal embryo transport

输卵管是连接子宫和卵巢的弯曲管状结构,负责将胚胎及时运输到子宫中。输卵管运输功能的紊乱导致胚胎滞留在输卵管中,被认为是造成异位妊娠的主要因素之一。因此,明确输卵管胚胎运输的调控机制具有重要意义。文章综述了纤毛的摆动、肌肉收缩、输卵管液的流动和胚胎的状态对输卵管胚胎运输的影响;此外重点阐述了类固醇激素、前列腺素、气体信号和大麻素对输卵管肌肉收缩的影响,以明确这些调控机制对阐明输卵管异位妊娠的发病机制,为相关研究奠定基础。

Oviduct is the tubular organ between ovary and uterus,which plays a crucial role in embryo transport.An aberration in oviduct causes oviductal embryo retention,which is one cause of ectopic pregnancy.Therefore,it isnecessary to understand the regulatory mechanism of oviductal transport.This review summarizes the effect of ciliarybeating,muscular contraction,oviductal fluid and embryo on oviductal embryo transport.We focus on the actionsof steroid hormone,prostaglandins,gaseotransmitter and cannabinoid on oviductal muscular contraction.Studies inregulatory mechanismsof oviductal transport will provide theoretical basisfor understanding the cause of tubalpregnancy.