直升机多管式分离器结冰及压降损失

Icing and pressure drop loss on helicopter multi-tube separator

针对直升机多管式分离器结冰导致的进气压力损失问题,研究了环境温度、水滴平均容积直径、来流速度、液态水含量对涡旋管结冰的影响以及涡旋管结冰引起的压力损失。计算结果表明,液态水含量对直升机涡旋管唇口结冰的影响最大,然后依次是环境温度、来流速度、水滴平均容积直径。涡旋管压力损失随结冰厚度的增大而增大,不能忽视涡旋管唇口结冰带来的压力损失。环境温度越低,涡旋管唇口结冰越严重;水滴平均容积直径增大,涡旋管唇口外表面结冰范围增大,涡旋管内部结冰区域反而减小;来流速度越小,涡旋管唇口内部结冰越严重,来流速度越大,涡旋管唇口表面结冰量越大;液态水含量增大,不论是涡旋管唇口表面还是涡旋管唇口内部,结冰量都有显著增大的趋势,结冰厚度和结冰范围均增大。

The effects of ambient temperature,average volume diameter of water droplets,incoming flow velocity,liquid water content on vortex tube icing and the resulting pressure loss were studied for the problem of inlet pressure loss caused by icing in helicopter multi-tube separators.The calculation results show that the liquid water content exerts the greatest effect on the lip icing of the helicopter vortex tube,followed by ambient temperature,incoming flow velocity,and the average volume diameter of water droplets.The vortex tube pressure loss increases with the increase of icing thickness,and the importance of addressing pressure losses induced by lip icing is emphasized.Lower ambient temperature results in more serious lip icing of the vortex tube.The larger average volume diameter of water droplets leads to increased icing area on the outer surface of the vortex tube lip,with a reduction in the icing area inside the vortex tube.Decreased incoming flow velocity results in more serious icing inside the lip of the vortex tube,while increased incoming flow velocity leads to larger icing area on the surface of the vortex tube lip.Increased liquid water content leads to a significant increase in ice formation,both on the surface of the vortex tube lip and inside the lip,with an increase in icing thickness and coverage.