河南省慢性病儿童主要照顾者电子健康素养的现况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on the Current Situation of Electronic Health Literacy of Main Caregivers of Chronic Disease Children in Henan Province

目的调查分析河南省慢性病儿童主要照顾者电子健康素养的现况。方法在2021年01月~2022年05月期间河南儿科医联体单位慢性病儿童主要照顾者250名为调查对象,采用问卷星调查方法发放电子健康素养量表(e-HEALS)对照顾者的健康素养状况进行调查分析,统计河南省慢性病儿童主要照顾者的健康素养不合格率。并将照顾者按照健康素养得分情况分为合格组和不合格组,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析探讨影响照顾者健康素养的影响因素。结果发放的250份调查问卷均为有效问卷,其中健康素养不合格(e-HEALS评分≤32分)的照顾者131名,不合格率为52.40%。经单因素分析,两组的患儿年龄、性别、居住地、疾病类型、是否第一胎、照顾者与患儿关系、性别、年龄、健康状况比较无统计学差异(P>0.05),而健康素养不合格组的患儿患病时间、患儿疾病复发率、照顾者文化程度低比例、家庭年收入低比例、照顾者职业为工人、农民比例均高于健康素养合格组(P<0.05)。患儿病程、复发率、照顾者文化程度、家庭年收入、照顾者职业是影响照顾者健康素养的主要影响因素。结论河南省慢性病儿童主要照顾者健康素养普遍偏低,患儿病程、复发率、照顾者文化程度、家庭年收入、照顾者职业是影响其健康素养的主要因素。

Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation of electronic health literacy of the main caregivers of chronic disease children in Henan Province.Methods During the period from January 2021 to May 2022,250 main caregivers of chronic disease children in the Medical Association unit of the children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University were investigated.The health literacy status of the main caregivers of chronic disease children in Henan Province was investigated and analyzed by using the electronic health literacy scale(e-hearts)issued by interviews,and the unqualified rate of health literacy of the main caregivers of chronic disease children in Henan Province was counted.The caregivers were divided into qualified group and unqualified group according to the score of health literacy.Single factor analysis and multi factor Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of caregivers′health literacy.Results The 250 point questionnaires were all valid,including 131 caregivers whose health literacy was unqualified(e-health score≤32),and the unqualified rate was 52.40%.Through univariate analysis of age,gender,residence,disease type,whether the first child,relationship between caregivers and children,gender,age,and health status(P>0.05),while the children in the group with unqualified health literacy had the same duration of illness,recurrence rate of childhood diseases,low proportion of caregivers′education level,low proportion of family annual income,and caregivers′occupation as workers The proportion of farmers was higher than that of the health literacy qualified group(P<0.05).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the course of disease,recurrence rate,caregiver education,family income and caregiver occupation were the main influencing factors of caregivers′health literacy.Conclusions The health literacy of the main caregivers of chronic disease children in Henan Province is generally low.The disease course,recurrence rate,caregiver education,annual family income and caregiver occupation are the main factors affecting their health literacy.