湖北某稀土矿区农作物和饮水稀土元素含量及摄入健康风险

Contents of rare earth elements in crops and drinking water and health risk of dietary intake in a rare earth mining area in Hubei province

目的了解湖北某稀土矿区农作物及饮水稀土元素的含量,评价当地居民日均摄入稀土元素水平及健康风险。方法于2019年4—11月采集该矿区内村民日常食用的常见蔬菜(n=200)、粮食(n=80)及其种植地的土壤(n=35),并采集饮水(井水)样(n=20),以电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)检测稀土元素的含量,以美国环保局推荐的健康风险评估方法计算终生平均每天的稀土元素摄入量,按照已经有文献报道的成人稀土元素日允许摄入量(70μg/kg)进行评价。结果矿区土壤中16种稀土元素含量的中位数为2607.74 mg/kg,农作物样本中稀土元素含量位居前7位的分别为Ce>La>Nd>Y>Pr>Sm>Gd,7种稀土元素总含量占稀土总量的95%以上,饮用水16种稀土元素浓度为0.47~1.12 mg/L,x±s为(0.71±0.27)mg/L。矿区居民终生平均每天的稀土元素摄入量为100.47μg/kg。结论矿区土壤中16种稀土元素含量较高,矿区居民经农作物和饮水途径摄入的稀土元素具有一定健康风险。

Objective To investigate the contents of rare earth elements in crops and drinking water of a rare earth mining area in Hubei province,and to evaluate the daily average intake of rare earth elements and health risk of local residents.Methods From April to November 2019,the samples of common vegetables(n=200)and grains(n=80)consumed by local villagers and soil(n=35)of farmland for the cultivation of the crops mentioned above in the mining area were collected,and the drinking water(well water)samples(n=20)were collected for determination of the content of rare earth elements by ICP-MS.The lifetime average daily intake of rare earth elements was calculated according to the health risk assessment method recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency.The daily intake of rare earth elements was evaluated according to the reported daily intake of rare earth elements for adults(70μg/kg).Results The median content of 16 rare earth elements in soil of mining area was 2607.74 mg/kg.The top seven rare earth elements in crop samples were Ce>La>Nd>Y>Pr>Sm>Gd,which accounted for more than 95%of the total rare earth elements.The concentrations of 16 rare earth elements in drinking water were 0.47-1.12 mg/L[x±s:(0.71±0.27)mg/L].The lifetime average daily intake of rare earth elements was 100.47μg/kg.Conclusion The contents of 16 rare earth elements in the soil of the mining area are higher,and the rare earth elements ingested by the residents of the mining area through crops and drinking water have certain health risks.