统一高考制度建立的政治动因分析

An Analysis of Political Motivation for Establishment of Uniform Gaokao System

统一高考制度作为新中国的创举最早建立于1952年,是在普通高等学校招生考试的基础上统一考试、招生、录取,在同类考生中择优选拔出国家所需专业人才。高考制度的建立历经自主招生、联合招生以及统一招生三个阶段,受到政治、经济、文化、教育等多方因素影响。从政治因素来看,统一高考制度建立的政治动因主要有如下三点:第一,政权变更为统一高考制度的诞生奠定基础;第二,政体更新使统一高考制度应运而生;第三,政局稳定有利于统一高考制度顺利推行。

The uniform gaokao/college entrance examination system,initiated and first established in People’s Republic of China in 1952,has been responsible for the admission,testing,and enrollment of talents for the country.Since that time,gaokao has gone through three stages of independent enrollment,joint enrollment,and uniform enrollment,under the guidance of politics,economy,culture,and education,etc.In terms of political factors,the main motivations for the establishment of the unified gaokao system are as follows:firstly,the change of political power laid the foundation for the birth of the uniform goakao system;secondly,the renewal of the political system has led to the emergence of a uniform gaokao system;thirdly,political stability in China is conducive to the smooth implementation of the uniform gaokao system.