大类招生培养视角下本科生学习体验和学习成效研究——基于某“双一流”建设高校的实证分析

An Empirical Study on Undergraduates’ Learning Experience and Effectiveness from Perspective of Discipline——based Admission System in a "Double First-class" University

大类招生培养是目前许多高校本科生培养的重要方式之一。通过对某双一流大学人文学院和经管学院的153名本科生以及外文学院77名本科生进行数据调查,运用t检验和双因素方差分析,对比了两类学生在大类招生培养模式下和非大类招生培养模式下的学习体验和学习成效。结果表明:大类招生培养有利于提高办学效益和教学质量、增强了学生的共通能力、使成绩在中低水平学生的共通能力进步明显、促进了学生的人际关系体验。但在具体实施中,大类招生的培养年限、专业分流方案、课程和教学的设置也存在着值得慎重思考之处,需要结合学院和学生的具体情况,制定出适合的政策。

Current,to admit candidates according to general disciplines instead of majors or minors has become an way of recruiting students to universities.The present article,based on an empirical study,intends to find out the differences in learning experience and effectiveness between two groups of studentswho are diversified in the process of the study and professional training.To be specific,the subjects of the study are 153 undergraduates(from the School of Humanities and School of Economics and Management)and 77 others(from the School of Foreign Languages)in a double-first-class university and the data were analyzed by means of T-test and Two-way ANOVA test.The findings show that the system of general disciplines has several advantages for the cultivation of students such as helping to improve both the efficiency of campus-running and teaching,enhancing students’all-round ability,especially for lower performing ones,andpromoting students’experience of interpersonal relationship.However,despite the strong points mentioned-above,in the implementation of the admission policy based on discipline classification,some issues are supposed to be attached importance to,such as the duration of the schooling,how to classify students to different disciplines and majors,what courses to offer,etc.