典型生物发酵企业挥发性有机物及恶臭污染物排放特征

Emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds and odorous pollutants in typical bio-fermentation industries

为研究生物发酵企业挥发性有机物(VOCs)及恶臭排放特征,选取典型企业主要生物发酵产品为研究对象,分析了有机肥料、氨基酸(苏氨酸、赖氨酸)、饲料添加剂等不同产品VOCs物质成分并识别主要致臭物质.结果表明,不同生物发酵产品VOCs排放特征存在一定差异,有机肥料生产尾气主要VOCs为乙醛(34.97%)和三甲胺(31.60%);苏氨酸中丙醛浓度最高,质量分数为24.59%,其次是二甲二硫醚,质量分数为12.97%;赖氨酸中浓度最高的物质为甲苯,质量分数为81.65%.饲料添加剂1和饲料添加剂2排放主要物质均为乙醇,其中饲料添加剂1乙醇质量分数高达89.89%,饲料添加剂2乙醇质量分数为83.44%.通过计算气味贡献率,醛类是生物发酵产品中普遍存在的致臭物质,除醛类物质外,赖氨酸主要是苯系物,其中甲苯的恶臭贡献率最大;有机肥料主要恶臭物质为三甲胺,其气味贡献率高达89.89%.通过上述研究,以期为我国生物发酵行业污染治理提供一定的基础数据以及为生物发酵行业污染物排放标准的制修订提供一定的参考.

In order to study the emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and odorous in bio-fermentation industry,the main bio-fermentation products of typical enterprises were chosen as the research object.The VOCs and main odorous substances of different products from organic fertilizer,amino acid(threonine,lysine)and feed additives were analyzed.There were some differences in VOCs emission characteristics of different bio-fermentation products.The main VOCs of organic fertilizer production tail gas were acetaldehyde(34.97%)and trimethylamine(31.60%);the concentration of propionaldehyde was the highest(its mass fraction was 24.59%)in threonine,and the concentration of dimethyl disulfide was the second highest(its mass fraction is 12.97%);the concentration of toluene with a mass fraction of 81.65%was the highest in lysine;the main emission substances from feed additive 1 and feed additive 2 were ethanol,89.89%and 83.44%,respectively.By calculating the odorous contribution rate,aldehydes were the common odorants in bio-fermentation products.Except for aldehydes,BETX was the main substance in lysine.Toluene had the largest odor contribution rate.Trimethylamine was the main substance in organic fertilizer,and its odor contribution rate was as high as 89.89%.Through the above research,it was expected to provide the basic data for the pollution prevention of bio-fermentation industry in China and a reference for the revision of pollutant emission standards in the bio-fermentation industry.