典型类雌激素的降解方法及其影响因素研究进展

Degradation methods and influence factors of typical estrogen-like substances

类雌激素是一类新兴污染物,目前在环境中普遍存在,且在极低浓度下可对生物体和环境产生重大威胁.本文重点介绍了酚类、天然类固醇类和邻苯二甲酸酯等3种典型类雌激素的来源、环境分布特征及其生物毒性,综述了典型类雌激素的最新化学降解法(直接光解法和高级氧化法)和生物降解法(菌类降解法和藻类降解法)及其特点.直接光解法操作简便,但降解效果不佳;高级氧化法能快速高效地去除类雌激素,但操作相对复杂、影响因素较多;生物降解法的应用性强,但处理周期长、受环境因素影响大.此外还阐述了类雌激素的降解机理及其影响因素,最后对典型类雌激素的多种高效联合降解技术提出了展望.

Estrogen-like substances,as a kind of emerging contaminants,are extensively present in the environment,which can pose a great threat to organisms even at extreme low environmental concentration.This review introduced the sources,environmental distribution characteristics and biotoxicity of typical estrogen-like substances such as phenols,natural steroids and phthalates,and summarized the recent studies on the chemical degradation and biodegradation of these estrogen-like substances.Thereinto,the direct photolysis method is simple to use but without a good degradation effect,while the advanced oxidation processes can rapidly and efficiently remove estrogen-like substances but its application is relatively complicated and affects by many factors;the biodegradation method has a high applicability but with long-term processing period and is susceptible to environmental factors.In addition,the paper clarified the degradation mechanism of estrogen-like substances and their impact factors.Finally,the research prospected on various highly efficient degradation by combined methods of typical estrogen-like substances.