环境中黑炭测定方法的研究进展

Research progress of determination methods for environmental black carbon

环境介质中黑炭含量的测定不仅能够准确评估环境黑炭储量,也是表征黑炭性质的重要环节,研究与发展环境黑炭测定技术是探究全球碳循环和黑炭环境效应的重要基石.本文依据测定原理,将黑炭测定方法分为化学氧化法、热氧化法、分子标志物法和光学法,介绍了各种技术的发展与测定特点,并根据黑炭基准材料指导委员会推荐的12种标准物质测定结果,比较了不同黑炭测定方法测定结果存在差异的主要原因,总结归纳了每种测定方法的优缺点.另外,基于研究现状分析,指出黑炭测定方法的比较性研究、黑炭性质精确描述技术的丰富与发展、多种方法结合使用描述黑炭性质、监测黑炭降解周期内的性质变化及其自身降解可能造成的环境影响将成为未来环境介质中黑炭研究领域的重点.

Determination of black carbon content in environmental media can not only accurately evaluate the reserves of black carbon in the environment,but also can be a vital part in characterizing the properties of black carbon.Research and development of environmental black carbon measurement technology lay an important foundation for exploring the global carbon cycle and its environmental effects.According to the principle of measurement,the determination methods of black carbon were divided into chemical oxidation method,thermal oxidation method,molecular marker method and optical method in the present study.This paper also introduced the development process and characteristics of various measuring techniques.According to the determination results of 12 kinds of reference substances recommended by Black Carbon Steering Committee,the main reasons for the differences in the results of different black carbon determination methods were compared,and the advantages and disadvantages of each methods were summarized.In addition,based on the current research status,it was conclude that the comparative study of black carbon determination methods,the enrichment and development of the accurate description for black carbon properties,the combination of various methods to characterize black carbon,the monitoring of the change of black carbon properties,and the possible environmental impact due to its degradation will all become the focus of environmental black carbon research in the future.