基于经验公式的喀斯特山岭隧道涌水分布规律研究

RESEARCH ON WATER GUSHING YIELD DISTRIBUTION OF MOUNTAIN TUNNEL IN KARST REGION,BASED ON EMPIRICAL METHOD

以西南岩溶区某隧道为研究对象,通过分析该区域各岩段水文地质条件及含水层、隔水层的特征,针对隧道建设情况采用大气降雨入渗法、大井法及地下水径流模数法预测隧道涌水量,为隧道排水设计提供科学依据。结果表明:1)研究区隧道涌水总量为16344.40~19386.84m^(3)/d,飞仙关组二段、嘉陵江组一段及二段所在岩层的涌水量处于波峰位置,其涌水量分别约为3000,2000,1300m^(3)/d;2)研究区岩层单位延米的涌水量受岩溶发育控制,雷口坡组最大,为11.40 m^(3)/(m·d),嘉陵江组次之,为5.48~9.71 m^(3)/(m·d),飞仙关组第三,为3.78~6.71m^(3)/(m·d),须家河组最小,为1.13~2.17m^(3)/(m·d);3)研究区地表水系统与地下水系统的滞后时间为16 d。

Taking a karst tunnel in southwest China as case,the characteristics of aquifer,hydrogeological conditions,and water-barrier layer were investigated.Then,methods of rainfall infiltration,large well,and groundwater modulus of runoff were applied to predict water gushing yield,which could provide a scientific basis for the design of tunnel drainage.The results were show as following,1)the total water gushing yield was between 16344.40 m^(3)/d to 19386.84m^(3)/d.the water gushing yields at T_(1)f^(2),T_(1)j^(2),and T_(1)j^(1)were respectively about 3000,2000,1300m^(3)/d,which were at peaks.2)The intensity of water gushing yields was determined by the development degree of karst.The intensity of water gushing yield of T_(2)l was the greatest,with its value 11.40m^(3)/(m·d),then that of T_(1)j^(1-4)ranged between 5.48~9.71 m^(3)/(m·d);that of T_(1)f^(2-4)ranged between 3.78~6.71m^(3)/(m·d);that of T_(3)xj^(1-4)ranged between 1.13~2.17m^(3)/(m·d).3)the lag time between groundwater system and surface water was 16 days。