基于APEI的2013—2018年福建省大气污染评价

AIR POLLUTION STUDY BASED ON APEI IN FUJIAN,CHINA FROM 2013 TO 2018

为了在区(县、市)级尺度上准确衡量福建省大气污染情况,构建大气污染评价APEI指数。基于高分辨率大气污染数据集和夜间灯光数据,分析2013—2018年福建省78个县市大气污染程度时空变化特征及其影响因素的时空异质性。结果表明:1)福建省中心偏北县市大气污染程度小,东部沿海县市大气污染严重。近6年福建省78.21%的县市大气污染程度减弱;2)全省东部沿海区域空气污染严重,主要表现在NO_(2)和PM_(10)这2种大气污染物,均超过全省平均水平;3)从大气污染物时序变化趋势看,PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)变化相似,自2014年起逐年下降,到2018年分别下降约23.15%和12.21%,SO_(2)和NO_(2)分别下降明显。O_(3)呈U形变化,而CO则呈倒U形变化;4)全省6种大气污染物均呈现较明显的季节性波动特征;5)采用时空加权回归(STWR)模型分析夜间灯光对APEI影响的时空异质性,发现2014—2018年负向影响区域持续扩大;全省34个县市5年回归系数均为正值,表明在这些县市中人类活动易造成大气污染;6)采用APEI、空气质量指数(AQI)、空气质量综合指数(AQCI)分别评价福建省6年各县市综合大气污染程度优劣排序,比较3种方法排序差异最大的县市,发现APEI指数能较好地反映真实浓度大小关系,且能实现实时评价。

In order to accurately measure the air pollution in Fujian province at the regional(county,city)scale,the APEI index was constructed.Based on high-resolution air pollution data set and nighttime light data,the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of air pollution degree and its influencing factors in 78 counties and cities of Fujian province from 2013 to 2018 were analyzed.Results showed that:1)air pollution degree in the counties and cities in the north of the center of Fujian province is low,and air pollution degree in the coastal counties and cities in the east of Fujian province is serious.In the past 6 years,78.21%of counties and cities in Fujian province reduced their air pollution;2)the serious air pollution in the eastern coastal areas of the province is mainly manifested in two kinds of air pollutants,NO_(2)and PM_(10),both exceeding the average level of the province;3)from the time series variation trend of atmospheric pollutants,O_(3)shows a U-shaped change;PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)have similar changes,decreasing year by year from 2014 to 2018 by 23.15%and 12.21%respectively.CO changes in an inverted U shape.SO_(2)and NO_(2)decreased,respectively;4)the six kinds of air pollutants showed obvious seasonal fluctuation;5)spatio-temporal heterogeneity of the impact of night light on APEI was analyzed by using spatiotemporal weighted regression(STWR)model.It was found that the negative influence area continued to expand from 2014 to 2018.The regression coefficients of 34 counties and cities were all positive in five years,indicating that these counties and cities are prone to air pollution caused by human activities;6)air quality index(AQI)and air quality composite index(AQCI)are used to evaluate the ranking of the comprehensive air pollution degree in Fujian province in the past six years,and it was found that APEI index could better tell the relationship between the real concentration.