高等教育何以促进城乡收入均衡发展——一个省域模糊集定性比较分析的解释

How Could Higher Education Promote Urban-rural Income Balance——An Explanatory Account Based on Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Chinese Provinces

以中国31个省级行政区域为案例,运用模糊集定性比较分析法,研究揭示了高等教育影响城乡收入均衡不同水平的多种条件组态及其优化路径。研究表明:高等教育促进城乡收入均衡发展的条件是组合式的,路径是多元的,作用机制是高度情境化的,其作用路径可概括为“全面驱动型”、“人才-科技协同型”和“规模效应主导型”三种类型。高等教育促进城乡收入均衡发展应构建多元组合路径,充分发挥其在建设人力资本、推动科技创新和实现教育公平方面的作用,打造适应区域发展阶段和资源禀赋水平的高等教育生态。

Taking 31 provincial-level regions in China as cases,using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method,this study reveals multiple configurations of conditions that lead to different levels of urban-rural income balance and their optimization paths.The study shows that the conditions are combinatorial,the paths are diverse,and the mechanisms are highly contextualized.The study reveals three paths as“all-element driven”,“human capital-technology empowerment”,and“scale effect-driven”.We should construct diversified paths for the development of higher education,fully leverage its role in cumulating human capital,promoting technological innovation,and achieving educational equity,and create a higher education ecosystem that fits with regional developmental stages and resource endowments.