罗萨批判理论及其教育意蕴

An Exploration of Hartmut Rosa’s Critical Theory and Its Educational Implications

罗萨的批判理论主要关注主体与世界之间的关系。在罗萨看来,重建主体与世界之间的关系是决定“美好生活”能否实现的重要前提,教育则是构建主客体关系、实现美好生活的基本途径。罗萨把学校视为影响主体与世界关系形成的重要场域,并认为教育活动的开展应以身体为基础,教育关系的建立应以主体向他者的敞开为前提,教师在关系的建立中发挥着引导者的作用。罗萨的教育观点对我国教育变革的启示在于,在充分尊重学生主体性的同时,更要重视教师的不可替代性,并建构和形成师生之间的“非对称”关系。

Hartmut Rosa’s critical theory mainly focuses on the relationship between the subject and the world.In Rosa’s view,reconstructing the relationship between the subject and the world is an essential prerequisite for determining whether a“good life”could be achieved,and education is the basic way to constructing the relationship between the subject and the object and to achieving agood life.Rosa regarded the school as an important field that influences the formation of the subject’s relationship with the world.He believed that education should begin with the body,the establishment of educational relationships should be based on the basement of the openness of the subject to others,and teachers play aguiding role in the formation of relationships.The enlightenment of Rosa’s educational views on China’s educational reform mainly lies in that,while fully respecting students’subjectivity,we should pay more attention to teachers’irreplaceability,and construct an“asymmetric”relationship between teachers and students.