德国早期浪漫主义与现代大学的滥觞

Early German Romanticism and the Origination of Modern University

长期以来,早期浪漫主义对现代大学的贡献和影响一直是大学史研究的薄弱环节甚至盲区。以耶拿大学为中心的德国早期浪漫主义虽存在时间不足十年,但影响深远。早期浪漫主义不仅是一场文学运动,也是一场范围极广的文化运动、政治运动和教育运动。早期浪漫主义活跃时期,正值现代大学形成之时。浪漫主义对教育及教化的推崇和重视,对学术自由的崇尚,对大学研究和创作的鼓励,对国家适当干预大学的认可,均为现代大学所接纳和吸收。早期浪漫主义的大学理念发轫于耶拿大学,一度在柏林大学实现制度化。

For a long time,the contribution and influence of early romanticism on the modern university have been a weak link or even a blind spot of the research on university history.Early German romanticism,with Jena University as its center,has existed for less than a decade but had a far-reaching impact.Early romanticism is not only a literary movement but also a cultural,political,and educational movement with great scope.Modern universities were formed at the same time as early romanticism was active.Romanticism’s admiration and emphasis on education,the advocation of academic freedom,the encouragement of university research and creativity,and the recognition of appropriate state intervention have all been adopted and embraced by the modern university.Initiated at Jena University,the early romantic idea of the university was once institutionalized at Berlin University.