“思无邪”与个体生命的审美打开——“兴于《诗》”的教育哲学阐释

Pure Thought and the Aesthetic Opening of Individual Life——The Educational Philosophical Interpretation of Inspiration from the Book of Songs

孔子以“思无邪”论《诗》,对“思无邪”的理解乃是理解“兴于《诗》”的关键。从《诗·鲁颂·駉》出发,“思无邪”首先乃“心无他骛”之意,诗中一唱三叹,打开的是天地万物的生生不已。《诗》之教就其实质而言就是把万物的生生以审美的方式直接地提示给人,带出人的生生不已。《诗》之兴得以可能,正是因为个体感于周遭事物而让自我生发一种生生不已的生命力量,让自我融身天地之道,走向人与世界的彼此贯通。《诗》的基本功能乃是兴,《诗》之兴直接地就是个人身心整体的唤起,进而带出个体生命整体的生生不已,个体也从“无邪”他顾而至心思纯正,由此而来的诗学与诗教乃是完整身心之学与教。

Confucius used pure thought to discuss the Book of Songs.Thus,understanding pure thought is the key to understanding inspiration from the Book of Songs.The first meaning is no distractions,which opens the endless life of all things.The essence is to directly prompt the endless life of all things to people in an aesthetic way and bring out the endless life of people.Then,individuals feel the things around them and generate a kind of life force,letting themselves integrate into the way of heaven and earth toward the mutual penetration of people and the world.The inspiration of the Book of Songs is directly to arouse the whole body and mind of the individual and then bring out the endless whole life.Therefore,the individual grows from pure thought to the pure mind,which is the aim of poetics and poetry teaching.