不辍的弦歌:中国大学百年迁徙回眸

The Unending String Song:A Retrospective on the 100-Year Migration of Chinese Universities

中国大学百年迁徙史经历了五个阶段,即抗日战争时期的高校内迁和战后回迁、播迁中国台湾和在台“复校”、新中国成立初期的院系学科调整和院校布局调整、三线建设时期的高校外迁和回迁,以及21世纪以来的高校东扩。五次迁徙深嵌于中国政治、经济、文化和高等教育发展的不同阶段,是中国大学的个体经历、集体回忆和国家记忆。五次迁徙不仅在中国大地播撒了大学火种,奠定了中国大学的空间布局,推进了高等教育转型和本土化,形塑了中国大学的发展型态,还砥砺了中国学人的品格,谱写了以“西迁精神”为代表的中国大学精神。

It defined five stages of university migration in China,including the inward and post-war relocation of universities during the War of Resistance,the relocation of universities to Taiwan,China and the restoration of universities in Taiwan,the adjustment of faculty disciplines and the layout of institutions during the early period of the founding of the nation,the outward and backward relocation of universities during the Third-line Construction,and the eastward expansion of universities since the new century.The five migrations were deeply embedded in different stages of China’s political,economic,cultural and higher education development,and were individual experiences,collective memories and national memories of Chinese universities.The five migrations not only sowed the seeds of universities in China,laid down the spatial layout of Chinese universities,promoted the transformation and localization of higher education,and shaped the development pattern of Chinese universities,but also sharpened the character of Chinese scholars and wrote the Chinese university spirit represented by the“spirit of westward academic relocation”.