《说文》“黑”字形义关系考论

Study on the relation between the form and meaning of“Hei(黑)”in Shuo Wen

“黑”是最常见的颜色词之一,其产生时间也较早,但“黑”字形义关系并不清楚。本文讨论了前贤关于“黑”字形义关系的各种观点,对前人说法进行了检讨。我们认为,形义关系是一种理据性关系,要尊重汉字构形的系统性,很多词义转化为字形的过程我们还不够熟悉,不能求之过深,更不适合过多地去做相关阐释,这样有悖于古汉字符号性特点的本质。

“Hei(黑)”is one of the most common color words,and its generation time is also early,but the relation between the form and meaning of“Hei(黑)”is not clear.This paper discusses the various views that already exist on the relation between the form and meaning of“Hei(黑)”,and reviews the previous opinions.We believe that the relationship between form and meaning is a relationship of motivation.We should respect the systematicness of Chinese characters.We are not familiar enough with the process of transforming many meanings into forms,and it is not suitable to make too much explanation,which goes against the nature of the symbolic characteristics of ancient Chinese characters.