“宁蒙新悬河”研究现状与尚待解决的问题

Research Progress and Outstanding Issues of the River Changes and New Suspended River in the Yellow River between Inner Mongolia and Ningxia

保护黄河是事关中华民族伟大复兴和永续发展的千秋大计,习近平总书记在黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展座谈会上的讲话提到黄河上游宁蒙河段淤积形成新悬河,"洪水风险依然是流域的最大威胁"。文章通过对宁蒙新悬河问题、黄河主河道在宁蒙河段的变迁等问题的研究现状梳理,综述了相关学者运用自然地理学、历史地理学、人文地理学、水文学、区域经济学的方法对上述问题的研究进展取得的成果及研究不足。文章提出组织自然科学和社会科学专家队伍,运用交叉学科的优势,研究历史时期黄河河道变迁的规律,黄河灌溉、渠道管理的措施;对宁蒙新悬河抬高情况进行实地测量,定量研究高含沙洪水情况,分析新悬河的成因,探索疏导措施;评价政府主导的沿黄经济带的规划,进行沿黄河民众生计调查,总结探索黄河保护与高质量发展方法,以期对区域经济可持续发展提出建议,为地方政府决策提供借鉴。

Protecting the Yellow River is a great plan for the great rejuvenation and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.Speaking at the symposium on ecological protection and high quality development in the Yellow River Basin,General Secretary Xi Jinping mentioned the deposition of new suspended river in the upper reaches of the Yellow River between Inner Mongoli and Ningxia,"Flood risk remains the biggest threat to the basin."The research progress of the issues about the new suspended river,the changes of the Yellow River main channel between Inner Mongolia and Ningxia,the lakes in the Hetao area,the problems of urban distribution,land development,highquality development,ecological protection,the Yellow River project and poverty alleviation between Inner Mongolia and Ningxia irrigation area were sorted out through literature search.At the same time the paper summarized the research progress and achievements of relevant scholars on the above issues by using the methods of physical geography,historical geography,human geography,hydrology and regional economics,found out the deficiencies of the research.Finally the article proposed to organize natural scientists and social scientists to form an experts team,using the advantages of cross-discipline to study the law of the changes on the Yellow River during the historical period,the Yellow River irrigation,and channel management measures,while survey the elevation of the new suspended river and the high sediment concentration flood.The causes of the new suspended river will be analyzed,and the dredging measures will be explored in the Yellow River between Inner Mongolia and Ningxia.It was suggested to evaluate government-led planning along the Yellow River economic belt,conduct surveys of people’s livelihoods along the Yellow River,summarize and explore methods for protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin,expecting to make suggestions on the sustainable development of the regional economy and provide references for local government decision-making.