论先秦儒家的生态思想及其现代意义

On the Ecological Thought of Pre-Qin Confucianism and Its Modern Significance

先秦儒家思想中蕴含着丰富的生态思想。先秦儒家天人合一的世界观主张人与自然和谐共生,人们应当效法天道好生的原则,成己成物,肩负起参赞天地化育的生态职责。先秦儒家倡导仁民爱物,拓展了人们的道德空间,又从"以时禁发"的时间限制、禁止"伤萌幼之类"的种类限制、禁止"竭泽而渔"的规模限制等方面确立了保护自然资源的行为规范,虞衡制度则是保障人与自然关系的政治法律保障,"以民为本"是处理人与自然关系的最终目的。先秦儒家丰富的生态思想能够为当今生态文明建设提供丰富的思想资源。

Pre-Qin Confucianism contained rich ecological ideas.The pre-Qin confucianists’world view of the unity of Heaven and Humanity advocated the harmonious coexistence of man and nature,and people should follow the principle of good life,the mutual cultivation of self and things,and shoulder the ecological responsibility of counselors for the cultivation of heaven and earth.The pre-Qin confucianists advocated being humane to all people and feeling love toward things,which expanded people’s moral space.It has also established a code of conduct for the protection of natural resources in terms of the time limit for"prohibiting hair growth by time",the type limit for"harming young children and the like",and the scale limit for"draining the swamp and fishing".Yu-heng system was the political and legal guarantee of the relationship between man and nature.People-orientation was the ultimate purpose of dealing with the relationship between man and nature.The rich ecological thought of pre-Qin Confucianism could provide abundant ideological resources for the construction of ecological civilization.