MoS_(2)/C-MMT双层气凝胶构建及其太阳能海水淡化性能

Construction of MoS_(2)/C-MMT bilayer aerogel and its solar desalination performance for seawater

太阳能海水淡化技术是一种绿色、高效的淡水制备方法,被认为是解决淡水资源短缺最有效的手段之一。尽管研究人员已开发出多种高效稳定的太阳能蒸发器,但仍存在材料成本高、制备复杂、能耗较大等问题。为解决这些问题,提供了一种构建双层气凝胶太阳能界面水蒸发装置的新思路。其中,下层蒙脱石(MMT)气凝胶用于水传输和隔热,上层二硫化钼/碳(MoS_(2)/C)气凝胶用于光吸收、光热转化和水蒸发。结果表明:在1kW/m^(2)光照强度下,MoS_(2)/C-MMT双层气凝胶的蒸发速率在纯水和海水中分别达到1.33kg/(m^(2)·h)和1.24kg/(m^(2)·h),且对海水中盐离子去除率接近100%。该双层气凝胶具有制备简单、成本低廉、高效稳定等优点,可为天然矿物的高值化利用和高效海水淡化装置的设计开发提供了重要参考。

Solar desalination technology is a green and efficient method for freshwater preparation,and is considered one of the most effective means to solve the shortage of freshwater resources.Although researchers have developed a variety of efficient and stable solar evaporators,there are still problems such as high material cost,complicated preparation and high energy consumption.To solve these problems,a new idea of constructing a bilayer aerogel solar interface water evaporation device was provided.Among them,the lower layer,montmorillonite(MMT)aerogel,was used for water transport and thermal insulation,while the upper layer,molybdenum disulfide/carbon(MoS_(2)/C)aerogel,was used for light absorption,photothermal conversion and water evaporation.The results showed that the evaporation rates of MoS_(2)/C-MMT bilayer aerogel reached 1.33kg/(m^(2)·h)and 1.24kg/(m^(2)·h)in pure water and seawater,respectively,under 1 kW/m^(2) light intensity,and the removal rate of salt ions from seawater was nearly 100%.This bilayer aerogel had the advantages of simple preparation,low cost,high efficiency and stability,which provided an important reference for the high-value utilization of natural minerals and the design and development of high-efficiency seawater desalination devices.