PLA/Al_(2)O_(3)/纤维复合材料的制备与性能研究

Study on preparation and property of polylactic acid/alumina/fiber composite material

采用混炼法制备聚乳酸/纳米/氧化铝/纤维复合材料,对3%的纳米氧化铝及不同含量的玻璃纤维与碳纤维及聚乳酸复合材料的物理性能、力学性能和热性能进行研究。结果显示,经由傅里叶红外光谱分析,证实补强材没有任何特征峰;经由X射线衍射分析,聚乳酸添加纳米氧化铝及纤维后,不会影响聚乳酸的结晶行为与结构形态;通过扫描电子显微镜观察复合材料,其具有较好的分散性。物理性能方面,密度和空孔率随着纤维添加量的增加而上升;在力学性能方面,在合适的纤维添加量条件下,硬度(6.68%)、弯曲强度(52.47%)、弯曲模量(143.75%)、拉伸强度(65%)、拉伸模量(82.5%)和冲击强度(32.89%)都有显著提升;通过热性能分析可知,热变形温度和软化温度分别提高42.24%及20.38%,而熔融指数下降64.57%;玻璃转化温度、冷结晶温度及固化结晶温度熔点基本保持不变,吸(放)热峰值温度略有下降。

The polylactic acid/nano-alumina/fiber composite material was prepared by the mixing method.The composites were mixed with 3%nano-alumina and different contents of glass fiber,carbon fiber and polylactic acid.The physical,mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were studied.The results shown that the reinforcing materials did not have any characteristic peaks by fourier infrared spectroscopy analysis,the addition of nano-alumina or fibers to polylactic acid will not affect the crystalline behavior and structural morphology of polylactic acid through Xray diffraction analysis.Good dispersibility can be seen in scanning electron microscope.In terms of physical properties,density and porosity increased with the increase of fiber addition.In terms of mechanical properties,under appropriate fiber addition conditions,hardness(6.68%),flexural strength(52.47%),flexural modulus(143.75%),tensile strength(65%),tensile modulus(82.5%)and impact strength(32.89%)were significantly improved.In terms of thermal performance,the thermal performance analysis shown that the heat distortion temperature and softening temperature were increased by more than 42.24%and 20.38%,respectively.But the melt index was decreased by more than 64.57%,the glass transition temperature,cold crystallization temperature,solidification crystallization temperature and melting did not change significantly.And absorption(exothermic)peak temperature point dropped slightly.