质子交换膜燃料电池阴极催化剂研究进展

Progress on the application of cathode catalyst for PEMFC

质子交换膜燃料电池可以利用氢气和空气为清洁电动汽车提供动力,然而成本高、寿命短、功率密度不足等缺点限制了其广泛应用,因此提高燃料电池阴极催化剂的性能是克服这些缺点的关键。催化剂决定了膜电极的性能,通过改性碳载体材料,在铂催化剂中加入过渡金属等方法均可提高催化剂的质量活性。介绍了铂基催化剂和无铂催化剂的降解机理及其研究进展,并指出了未来催化剂的研究方向。

Hydrogen and air proton in exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)provide power for electric vehicles.However,its defects such as high cost,short service life and insufficient power density limited its application.Improving the performance of cathode catalyst in fuel cell is the key to overcome these defects.The catalyst determines the performance of the membrane electrode.The quality and activity of the catalyst can be improved by modifying the carbon supporter and adding transition metals to the platinum catalyst.The mechanisms of platinum based catalysts and platinum free catalysts were introduced.The progress of two kinds of catalysts was studied,and predicted the research direction of catalysts in the future.