乌伊岭自然保护区土壤重金属含量及其生态风险评价

Soil Heavy Metal Content and Ecological Risk Assessment in Wuyiling Nature Reserve

为研究乌伊岭自然保护区土壤中重金属污染的状况,在自然保护区内选取了40个采样点采集样本,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法研究了保护区土壤中的Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、As 6种重金属的含量,以黑龙江省土壤背景值为标准,通过单因子指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法、地累积指数评价法、潜在危害指数法四种方法评价保护区土壤重金属污染状况和潜在生态风险程度.结果表明:保护区土壤重金属含量保持在自然背景水平,均未超过土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(GB15618-2018)和黑龙江土壤背景值.各重金属元素变异系数从大到小排序为:Cr>Cu>As>Zn>Cd>Pb.变异程度均处于中度变异,该地区环境受外界影响处于正常范围.从单因子污染、综合污染、累积污染、潜在危害4个方面评价乌伊岭重金属状况,结果均为无污染.该区域环境保护良好,生态稳定.

In order to study the pollution of heavy metals in the soil of Wuyiling Nature Reserve,40 sampling sites were selected to collect samples in the Nature Reserve.The contents of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Cr and As in the soil of the Nature Reserve were studied by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Soil heavy metal pollution status and potential ecological risk were evaluated by single factor index method,Nemero comprehensive pollution index method,geo accumulation index evaluation method and potential hazard index method.The results showed that the content of heavy metals in the soil of the reserve remained at the natural background level,and did not exceed the soil environmental quality control standard for soil pollution risk of agricultural land(GB15618-2018)and the soil background value in Heilongjiang Province.The order of variation coefficient of each heavy metal element from large to small is:Cr>Cu>As>Zn>Cd>Pb.The degree of variation is moderate variation,and the environment in this area is in the normal range under the influence of the outside world.The heavy metal condition in Wuyiling was evaluated from the aspects of single factor pollution,comprehensive pollution,accumulated pollution and potential harm,and the result was no pollution.The region is well protected and ecologically stable.