基于“功能-行为-结构”的软件定义卫星系统研究与设计

Research and Design of Software Defined Satellite System Based on Function-Behavior-Structure Model

随着全球在轨卫星的迅猛发展,传统的特定任务、特定载荷和特定软件的卫星系统设计和研制面临着系统软硬件耦合紧密、功能无法在轨重构和成本高昂等问题,难以适应不断变化的应用需求,研究软件定义技术是实现卫星系统从平台和载荷优先向智能化和网络化的算法优先过渡的必要途径.为实现天基卫星平台的开放系统架构,在结构化和面向对象的软件工程基础上,本文提出一种基于“功能-行为-结构”的软件定义卫星(SDS-FBS)系统设计方法.首先根据业务需求确定系统的功能;其次,针对系统功能,根据“功能-行为”映射生成系统的行为;再由“行为-结构”映射设计系统的结构;最后形成SDS-FBS系统的设计方案,融合结构化和面向对象高级编程语言实现SDS-FBS系统原型,并结合实例对设计方案进行分析.本研究通过软硬件结合动态定义卫星系统功能,实现卫星载荷和应用软件的按需加载,能灵活适应多任务和多类用户需求,对于提高未来新一代卫星系统的维护性、重用性、灵活性和扩展性具有重要意义.

With the rapid development of global on-orbit satellites,the design and development of traditional satellite systems with specific tasks,payloads,and software are facing problems such as tight coupling of system software and hardware,inability to reconstruct functions on-orbit,and high costs,making it difficult to adapt to constantly changing application requirements.Research on software definition technology is a necessary way to achieve the transition of satellite systems from platform and payload priority to intelligent and networked algorithm priority.To achieve an open system architecture for space-based satellite platforms,this paper proposes a Software Defined Satellite based on Function-Behavior-Structure(SDS-FBS)system design method combining structured and object-oriented software engineering.Firstly,the functional set of system is determined based on business requirements.Secondly,a behavior set of system is generated based on the"function-behavior"mapping for system functions;Then,the“behavior-structure”is mapped to design the structural set of the system;Finally,a design scheme for the SDS-FBS system is formed,which integrates structured and objectoriented advanced programming languages to implement the prototype of the SDS-FBS system,and analyzes the design scheme with examples.This study combines software and hardware to dynamically define satellite system functions,achieving on-demand loading of satellite payloads and application software,which can flexibly adapt to multiple tasks and user needs.It is of great significance for improving the maintenance,reusability,flexibility,and scalability of future nextgeneration satellite systems.