高效准二维钙钛矿太阳能电池研究进展

Research Progress of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency

由于有机-无机钙钛矿材料具有载流子迁移率大、载流子寿命长和扩散长度大等优点,目前三维(3D)钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率已达到26.2%,可以与硅基太阳能电池相媲美.但是,3D钙钛矿电池的不稳定性成为其工业化的一个障碍.采用二维(2D)钙钛矿代替3D钙钛矿制备太阳能电池是一种有效的方法,但是准2D钙钛矿电池的转换效率远低于3D钙钛矿电池,因此,提高准2D钙钛矿电池的效率是当务之急.本文围绕提高准2D钙钛矿电池效率的主要途径展开讨论,分析了制备高效准2D钙钛矿电池的主要方法,包括:选取合适的间隔阳离子、添加剂工程、优化钙钛矿制备工艺以及组分工程等,为进一步提高准2D钙钛矿电池的效率提供理论依据和指导方向.

The power conversion efficiency of three-dimensional(3D)organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has reached 26.2%due to the advantages of the perovskite materials such as large carrier mobility,long carrier life and large diffusion length,which can be comparable to silicon-based solar cells.However,the poor stability of 3D PSCs has become an obstacle to their industrialization.Replacing 3D perovskite with two-dimensional(2D)perovskite to prepare PSCs is an effective method,but the efficiency of quasi-2D PSCs is much lower than that of 3D PSCs,therefore it is urgent to improve the efficiency of quasi-2D PSCs.In this paper,the main methods to improve the efficiency of quasi-2D PSCs are discussed,and the main methods for preparing quasi-2D perovskite cells with high efficiency are analyzed,including selecting appropriate spacer cations,additive engineering,optimizing the preparation process of perovskite and component engineering,etc.,which provides theoretical basis and guidance for further improving the efficiency of quasi-2D PSCs.