大蒜种植与集群发育的阶段特征、时空演化及其驱动因素——以河南省杞县为例

Stage Characteristics,Space-time Evolution and Driving Factors of Garlic Planting and Cluster Development:Take Qixian County,Henan Province as an Example

基于杞县大蒜种植面积数据,运用阶段划分、空间分析、扩散类型划分、典型区域调研等方法,对杞县大蒜种植与集群发育的阶段特征、时空演变及其驱动力因素进行分析.研究表明:(1)从阶段划分看,可分为萌芽发展、快速发展、波动变化及稳定增长4个阶段,其中大蒜种植面积在萌芽阶段增幅较大,在其他阶段则保持较强的平稳性.(2)从时空演化看,裴村店乡、葛岗镇和苏木乡等高发育水平区向中心集聚的趋势明显;柿园乡、阳堌镇和西寨乡等中等水平区近期呈高速发展趋势;而竹林乡和圉镇等低水平区发展进程较慢,其农业化进程需进一步推进.(3)从空间关联看,呈正向特征但集聚效应较弱,显著HH区为邢口镇和裴村店乡,整体变化幅度较小,表现为高水平区的正向促进效应;显著LL区与低水平区类似,且外围区均受“近墨者黑”效应影响.(4)从扩散类型看,分为近域扩散型、跨区域扩散型、共同成长型与政府引导培育型,其中五里河镇、柿园乡和平城乡等属于近域扩散类型,近期链式、集群化趋势明显;阳堌镇、泥沟乡、官庄乡为跨区域扩散型,呈现“大户+组织化”扩展特征;共同成长型有竹林乡、板木乡和宗店乡,其扩散速度和范围均较小;裴村店乡属于政府引导培育型,政策导向性特别明显.(5)从影响因素看,主要因子为农户自身特性、区位环境与政府政策,次要因子为链式的管理经营和市场的产销能力.

Based on the data of garlic planting area in Qixian County,the stage characteristics,space-time evolution and driving factors of garlic planting and cluster development in Qixian County were analyzed by using the methods of stage division,spatial analysis,diffusion type division,and typical regional survey.The research shows that:①From the perspective of stage division,it can be divided into four stages:sprouting development stage,rapid development stage,fluctuating change stage,and stable growth stage.Among them,the garlic planting area increases greatly in the sprouting stage,and maintains relatively strong stability in other stages.②From the perspective of space-time evolution,Peicundian Township,Gegang Town,Sumu Township and other areas with high development level have an obvious trend of gathering towards the center;Shiyuan Township,Yangyu Town,Xizhai Township and other medium-level areas have shown a rapid development trend in the near future;However,the development process of low level areas such as Zhulin Township and Yuzhen Town is relatively slow,and their agricultural process needs to be further promoted;③From the perspective of spatial correlation,it has a positive feature but a weak agglomeration effect.The significant HH area is Xingkou Town and Peicundian Township,with a small overall range of change,showing apositive promotion effect of high-level areas;The significant LL area is similar to the low level area,and the peripheral area is affected by the effect of“the closer the eye,the darker the eye”;④From the perspective of diffusion type,it can be divided into near-region diffusion type,cross-region diffusion type,co-growth type and government-led cultivation type.Among them,Wulihe Town,Shiyuan Township,Pingcheng Township and other towns belong to the near-region diffusion type,and the recent chain development and clustering trend is obvious;Yangshan Town,Nigou Township and Guanzhuang Township are of trans-regional diffusion type,showing the expansion characteristics of“large family+organization”,The common growth types include Zhulin Township,Banmu Township and Zongdian Township,with small diffusion speed and scope;Peicundian Township belongs to the government-guided cultivation type,and the policy orientation is particularly obvious;⑤From the perspective of influencing factors,the main factors are farmers'own characteristics,regional environment and government policies,and the secondary factors are chain management and marketing capacity of the market.