开封玉皇阁砌体结构裂缝成因分析与保护措施探究

Explored the Cause Analysis and Protective Measures of Cracks in the Masonry Structure of Kaifeng Jade Emperor Cabinet

由于古建筑砌体结构裂缝的产生和发展与材料劣化、地基沉降等自然因素及人为因素密切相关.本文以开封玉皇阁为研究对象,通过对开裂特征及病害机理进行现场勘察,结合历次维修的实际状况,得出裂缝的分布规律及形成的根本原因,最终给出有效的预防和治理保护措施.研究结果表明:玉皇阁墙体向北倾斜角度为向西倾斜的1.8倍.在对玉皇阁保护过程中,应控制基础夯土层的含水情况,及时做好防水和排水等工作.根据裂缝成因和残损程度可采取地基注浆加固、碳纤维片材加固、压力灌浆及加筋加固、勾缝加固等相应的保护措施.达到“对症下药”的目的,为玉皇阁砌体结构进行科学保护提供重要参考.

The occurrence and development of cracks in the masonry structure of ancient buildings are closely related to natural and human factors such as material deterioration,foundation settlement and so on.This article used the Kaifeng Jade Emperor Cabinet as the research object.Through on-site investigation of the cracking characteristics and disease mechanism,combined with the actual conditions of previous repairs,the distribution law of the cracks and the root cause of the formation were obtained.Effective prevention and governance and protection measures were finally given.The research results show that the angle of the wall of Jade Emperor Cabinet tilted to the north is 1.8 times that of the western tilt.In the process of protecting the Jade Emperor Cabinet,the moisture content of the rammed earth layer of the foundation should be controlled,and waterproofing and drainage should be made in time.According to the cause of the cracks and the degree of damage,corresponding protective measures such as foundation grouting reinforcement,carbon fiber sheet reinforcement,pressure grouting and reinforcement,and joint reinforcement are adopted.The present work achieves the purpose of"prescribe the right medicine"and provides a reference for systematic protection of the masonry structure of Jade Emperor Cabinet.