中国地级以上城市土地绿色利用评价及其时空格局

Evaluation of Green Land Use in Cities above Prefecture Level and Its Temporal and Spatial Patterns

将绿色发展理念融入城市土地利用全过程,从经济发展效益化、资源利用生态化和社会分配和谐化3个方面构建城市土地绿色利用评价指标体系,利用2003-2016年284个地级以上城市面板数据,对城市土地绿色利用水平进行评价,并探讨其时空格局演变.结果表明:①中国城市土地绿色利用水平在研究期内整体呈上升趋势,从2003年的0.3658增加到2016年的0.6860.②城市土地绿色利用水平在空间上表现为由东南至西北逐渐递减的趋势,东部地区的城市整体大于中西部地区;同时城市土地绿色利用水平与经济发展水平在空间上表现为正向对应关系.③城市土地绿色利用水平存在显著的空间正相关,高值集聚区主要分布在东部沿海地区和中部地区,在空间上逐步由东部沿海地区向中部地区扩展;高值异质区域主要分布在云川地区和琼粤地区,研究期内空间范围小幅度缩小;低值异质区域主要分布在内蒙古、东北和少数中部地区,空间范围研究期内基本没有变化,低值集聚区主要分布在云川地区,研究期内空间范围缩小较为明显.

This paper combines the concept of green development with urban land use,proposes the concept of urban land green use,and constructs an evaluation index system for urban land green use from the aspects of economic development efficiency,resource utilization ecologicalization,and social distribution harmony,using panel data from 280 cities above the prefecture level from 2003 to 2016 to evaluate the level of urban land green use and explore its temporal and spatial characteristics.The results show that:(1)The level of green land use in Chinese cities has been on the rise during the study period,from 0.3658 in 2003 to 0.6860 in 2016,and there is still a lot of room for improvement.(2)The level of green use of urban land varies greatly,and the overall trend is gradually decreased from southeast to northwest.The level of green use of urban land in the eastern region is greater than that in the central and western regions.(3)There is a significant positive spatial correlation between the level of urban land green use,and its spatial agglomeration state can be divided into four types:high-value agglomeration areas(mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas and central areas,gradually expanding from eastern coastal areas to central areas),high areas with heterogeneous values(mainly distributed in Yunchuan and Qiongyue areas,with a small reduction in spatial scope);heterogeneous areas with low values(inner Mongolia,Northeast and a few central regions,with little change in spatial scope),low-value cluster areas(mainly distributed in the Yunchuan area,the spatial scope has been reduced significantly,and more cities in Yunnan have withdrawn).