船舶限硫令实施对国际海上货物运输承运人使船舶适航义务的影响

Legal implication of the Sulphur Cap in ship’s bunker oils on the obligation of carrier to make ship seaworthy under contract of international carriage of goods by sea

针对船舶适航标准的相对性,采用历史解释方法,解释现代航运背景下船舶适航的含义,分析船舶限硫令的实施对国际海上货物运输承运人使船舶适航义务的影响,提出船舶限硫令实施后,适航船舶应使用低硫燃油,船员应获得必要培训。因低硫燃油操作不当导致主机损坏而致使货物损害时,属于船员管船过失,承运人无须承担损害赔偿责任,但由于船员不适格造成时则属于船舶不适航,承运人需承担损害赔偿责任。

Based on the relativity of seaworthiness,this paper interprets the meaning of seaworthiness from the perspective of the history and then prospects the effects on the obligation of carrier to make ship seaworthy under contract of international carriage of goods by sea arising from the sulphur cap in ship’s bunker oils.This directive requires carriers to use fuel with a sulphur content not exceeding 0.5% m/m,and crewmembers are required to get relevant training.If the main engine is damaged by the use of lowsulphur fuel which causes damage to goods,the carriers shall not be liable due to crewmembers’ fault in the management of ship,unless the crewmembers are not competent in which case the carrier shall be liable due to ship’s unseaworthiness.