宁夏地区急诊科护士在新冠肺炎疫情期间的焦虑抑郁现况调查及分析

Investigation and Analysis on Anxiety and Depression of Emergency NursesFacing COVID-19 Epidemic in Ningxia

目的了解宁夏地区急诊科护士在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间的焦虑抑郁现况及其影响因素,为制定针对性心理调适和干预方案提供依据。方法便利选取宁夏地区3所三级甲等医院的252名急诊科护士,应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行问卷调查。结果宁夏地区急诊科护士焦虑自评量表得分为25~79(47.14±10.22)分,焦虑阳性率为38.1%,焦虑自评量表得分与中国常模比较差异有统计学意义(t=15.412,P<0.001);急诊护士抑郁自评量表得分为25~75(52.93±10.16)分,抑郁阳性率为54.4%。单因素分析显示,焦虑自评量表得分因工龄、急诊工作年限、子女数量、家属是否为援鄂人员、睡眠不足、心理咨询以及补助需求的不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);抑郁自评量表得分因家属是否为援鄂人员、心理咨询以及补助需求的不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以焦虑自评量表得分为因变量进行多元线性逐步回归分析,心理咨询需求、子女数量、补助需求、家属是否为援鄂人员是护士焦虑的独立影响因素(P<0.05);以抑郁自评量表得分为因变量进行多元线性逐步回归分析,心理咨询需求、家属是否为援鄂人员、补助需求是护士抑郁的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论宁夏地区急诊科护士在面对新冠肺炎疫情时普遍存在焦虑抑郁症状,相关医疗机构需加强对其人文关怀和社会支持,做好心理疏通,改善身心健康,以确保临床护理质量,打赢新冠肺炎攻坚战。

Objective To understand the current situation of anxiety and depression of nurses in emergency department in Ningxia during the epidemic of COVID-19 and its influencing factors,so as to provide basis for the formulation of targeted psychological adjustment and intervention program.Methods 252 emergency department nurses from 3 tertiary and first-class hospitals in Ningxia were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey with Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS).Results The SAS score of emergency nurses in Ningxia was 25~79(47.14±10.22),and the anxiety positive rate was 38.1%.Compared with the Chinese norm,the difference was statistically significant(t=15.412,P<0.001).The SDS score of emergency nurses was 25~75(52.93±10.16),and the positive rate of depression was 54.4%.Univariate analysis showed that the scores of Self-rating Anxiety Scale were significantly different according to length of service,years of emergency work,number of children,whether family members were aid to Hubei,lack of sleep,psychological counseling and subsidy needs(P<0.05).The scores of Self-rating Depression Scale were significantly different according to whether the family members were aid to Hubei,psychological counseling and subsidy needs(P<0.05).According to the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis with the Self-rating Anxiety Scale as dependent variables,the independent influencing factors of nurses’anxiety were the demand for psychological counseling,the number of children,the demand for subsidies and whether the family members were aiding Hubei personnel or not(P<0.05).According to the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis with the Self-rating Depression Scale as dependent variables,the independent influencing factors of nurses’depression were the demand for psychological counseling,whether the family members were aid to Hubei and the demand for subsidy(P<0.05).Conclusion Nurses in emergency department in Ningxia area generally have symptoms of anxiety and depression in the face of COVID-19 epidemic situation.Relevant medical institutions should strengthen their humanistic care and social support,do a good job in psychological dredging,and improve their physical and mental health,so as to ensure the quality of clinical nursing and win the battle of COVID-19.